填充墙对底框结构地震反应的影响     

李樾  李鸿晶  施溪溪 《地震学刊》2011,(4):423-429

为研究填充墙对底层框架多层砌体房屋地震反应的影响,以典型的填充墙-底层框架多层砌体房屋为基础,建立有限元计算模型并进行了弹塑性动力时程分析。根据不同模型的计算结果以及填充墙的刚度和强度,分析了填充墙对底层框架多层砌体房屋自振周期、地震作用下房屋整体变形、底层框架的损伤以及填充墙与底层框架相互作用的影响。计算结果表明：填充墙对房屋整体地震反应产生明显影响,其影响不能忽略。在上部砌体结构质量和刚度不变的情况下,结构自振周期随着填充墙刚度的增加而降低;随着填充墙与底层框架之间连接作用的增强,结构整体的变形减小,底层框架的损伤增大。当填充墙与底层框架之间采用弱连接时,采用强度较高的填充墙可以提高结构整体的变形能力,从而提高结构整体的抗震能力。  相似文献   

基于多比例尺技术的南京市地震应急数据库建设     

徐敬海  韩烨  聂高众  徐徐  朱丹 《世界地震工程》2011,27(2)

为实现不同比例尺地震应急数据的融合与集成,在分析城市地震应急数据库功能的基础上,设计了基于多比例尺空间数据库技术的南京市地震应急数据库框架。论述了其中不同尺度基础地理信息数据的处理、转换方法,以及多比例尺基础地理信息数据的融合建库方法。接着阐述了地震应急专题数据库的设计和与多尺度基础数据的联接。最后通过开发南京市地震突发事件救灾应急平台,展示了多比例尺应急数据库在地震应急平台中的应用。  相似文献   

Introspection on improper seismic retrofit of Basilica Santa Maria di Collemaggio after 2009 Italian earthquake     

Gian Paolo Cimellaro  Andrei M. Reinhorn  Alessandro De Stefano 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(1):153-161

The 2009 L’Aquila, Italy earthquake highlighted the seismic vulnerability of historic masonry building structures due to improper "strengthening" retrofit work that has been done in the last 50 years. Italian seismic standards recommend the use of traditional reinforcement techniques such as replacing the original wooden roof structure with new reinforced concrete (RC) or steel elements, inserting RC tie-beams in the masonry and new RC floors, and using RC jacketing on the shear walls. The L’Aquila earthquake revealed the numerous limitations of these interventions, because they led to increased seismic forces (due to greater additional weight) and to deformation incompatibilities of the incorporated elements with the existing masonry walls. This paper provides a discussion of technical issues pertaining to the seismic retrofit of the Santa Maria di Collemaggio Basilica and in particular, the limitations of the last (2000) retrofit intervention. Considerable damage was caused to the church because of questionable actions and incorrect and improper technical choices.  相似文献   

Effect of near-fault earthquakes with forward directivity on telecommunication towers     

M.Yahyai  B.Rezayibana  E.Mohammadrezapour 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(2):211-218

In this paper, the effect of pulse-type motions caused by forward directivity that can release huge amounts of energy in a short time period is studied on a telecommunication tower. Since telecommunication towers have longer periods, they are not as affected by seismic forces. Nevertheless, near source earthquakes characterized by high velocity and velocity pulses can change the behavior of these structures. For this reason, a telecommunication tower located near active faults was selected in this study. Considering the probable earthquake magnitude at the site and the distance of the tower from adjacent faults, nine simulated pulses and three near-fault earthquake records with forward directivity are selected and applied to a 3D fi nite element model of the tower. The results of nonlinear dynamic analysis, i.e., displacements and damage in the tower, indicate that the maximum displacement and drift ratio of the tower under the pulses are obviously affected by the ratio of the structure period to pulse period. When this ratio is decreased and close to 1.0, the maximum displacement and drift ratio are sharply increased and cause large displacements in the tower.  相似文献   

Analytical study of performance evaluation for seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete building using 3D dynamic nonlinear finite element analysis     

Yuichi Sato  Shinichi Kajihara  Yoshio Kaneko 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(2):291-302

This paper presents three-dimensional fi nite element (FE) analyses of an all-frame model of a three-story reinforced concrete (RC) building damaged in the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake. Non-structural brick walls of the building acted as a seismic resistant element although their contributions were neglected in the design. Hence, the entire structure of a typical frame was modeled and static and dynamic nonlinear analyses were conducted to evaluate the contributions of the brick walls. However, the results of the analyses were considerably overestimated due to coarse mesh discretizations, which were unavoidable due to limited computer resources. This study corrects the overestimations by modifying (1) the tensile strengths and (2) shear stiffness reduction factors of concrete and brick. The results indicate that brick walls improve frame strength although shear failures are caused in columns shortened by spandrel walls. Then, the effectiveness of three types of seismic retrofi ts is evaluated. The maximum drift of the firstoor is reduced by 89.3%, 94.8%, and 27.5% by Steel-confi ned, Full-RC, and Full-brick models, respectively. Finally, feasibility analyses of models with soils were conducted. The analyses indicated that the soils elongate the natural period of building models although no signifi cant differences were observed.  相似文献   

Characteristics and factors that influenced damage to dams in the M s 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake     

Liping Jing  Haian Liang  Yongqiang Li  Chunhui Liu 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(3):349-358

Based on raw data from dams damaged in the Wenchuan earthquake, including many that were severely damaged, characteristics and factors that influenced the damage are discussed in this paper. Findings from this study include: severely damaged dams were densely distributed along the seismologic fault; small dams, especially small earth-rock dams, had the most serious damage that was caused by a variety of factors; the most serious damage was caused by seismic waves; damage was aggregated by aftershocks; and the extent of the damage patterns increased with the seismic intensity. Damage patterns varied in different intensity zones and cracking was the most common type of damage. Most of the dams had a good base with relatively high bearing capacity, and the walls of the earth-rock dams were mostly of clay soil. This type of base and body material mitigated some of the damage to dams. Reservoir maintenance and other factors also have a significant impact on the seismic safety of the dam. Finally, some recommendations to reduce seismic damage to dams are proposed.  相似文献   

A fundamental procedure and calculation formula for evaluating gravel liquefaction   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiaoming Yuan  Zhenzhong Cao 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(3):339-347

Field investigations following the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake identified 118 liquefaction sites, most of which are underlain by gravelly sediment in the Chengdu Plain and adjacent Mianyang area, in the Sichuan Province. Gravel sediment in the Sichuan province is widely distributed; hence it is necessary to develop a method for prediction and evaluation of gravel liquefaction behavior. Based on liquefaction investigation data and in-situ testing, and with reference to existing procedures for sandy soil liquefaction evaluation, a fundamental procedure for gravel liquefaction evaluation using dynamic penetration tests (DPT) is proposed along with a corresponding model and calculation formula. The procedure contains two stages, i.e., pre-determination and re-determination. Pre-determination excludes impossible liquefiable or non-liquefiable soils, and re-determination explores a DPT-based critical N120 blows calculation model. Pre-determination includes three criteria, i.e., geological age, gravel contents, gravel sediment depths and water tables. The re-determination model consists of five parameters, i.e., DPT reference values, gravel contents, gravel sediment depths, water tables and seismic intensities. A normalization method is used for DPT reference values and an optimization method is used for the gravel sediment depth coefficient and water table coefficient. The gravel liquefaction evaluation method proposed herein is simple and takes most influencing factors on gravel sediment liquefaction into account.  相似文献   

基于GIS的地震应急态势标绘技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐敬海  徐徐  聂高众  胡诚诚 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(1):66-70

提出了地震应急态势标绘元素的分类体系,并设计基于此体系的态势标绘元素的可视化符号库,此符号库包括:基元符号层、单元符号层和表现符号层。研究了态势标绘元素基于GIS的显示方法与实现流程,采用基于哈希表的虚拟图层控制器实现态势符号的显示管理。建设南京市地震突发事件救灾应急平台,在平台中实现态势标绘模块。通过实际应急演练,验证了本研究的态势标绘技术的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

东北冷涡背景下浙江省两次强降水过程的对比分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

罗玲  胡亮  何金海  娄小芬 《辽宁气象》2011,(6):35-42

受东北冷涡西南部冷空气南下影响,2009年6月初浙江省连续发生了两次不同特点的强降水过程。利用常规气象观测资料、自动站资料、NCEP再分析资料及卫星TBB资料,对这两次东北冷涡背景下的强降水天气过程的大尺度环流背景和动力、热力及水汽输送条件进行对比分析。结果表明：同在东北冷涡天气背景下,由于中低层温度场配置不同、上下游系统强弱不同,导致浙江省发生的天气现象不同。6月2日降水是一次连续的区域性暴雨过程,雨带呈带状分布,以层状云降水为主,其低层为大范围的辐合,高层辐散,且低层辐合强于高层辐散;低空存在西南急流,为暴雨提供了重要的水汽和动力条件,大气层结比较稳定。6月5日强降水是一次强对流天气过程,降水分布不均匀,强度大,历时短,高、低空没有大范围的辐合辐散区,也没有低空西南急流,前期水汽条件较差,降水过程以热力作用为主;大气层结不稳定触发了强对流天气的发生,出现局地暴雨。两类暴雨的预报着眼点分别为：第1类区域性暴雨的预报重点为高层辐散、低层辐合结构和低空西南急流;第2类局地性暴雨的预报重点为大气的不稳定度与东北冷涡后部冷空气的干侵入。  相似文献   

运城市2010年4月13日强霜冻过程分析     

邵宝霞  李冬梅  褚红瑞  魏海茹 《山西气象》2011,(1):23-25,46

利用常规天气资料和数值预报产品,应用天气分析和诊断分析方法,对2010年4月13日运城市出现的近40年最严重的强霜冻天气过程进行分析,并与历史个例进行比较,结果表明,此次过程是在前期升温明显的基础上,有强冷空气在西伯利亚及贝加尔湖堆积并向南侵袭造成的;此次过程亚洲中高纬环流表现为“一脊一槽”型,动力机制为横槽转竖促使冷空气向南爆发;冷空气爆发后,本地上空由强盛的冷平流控制,地面冷高压进入关键区并达到寒潮强度。由于每次强降温发生的环流背景、影响系统及冷空气的强度、发展、移动路径不同,所以造成的降温幅度和影响也不同。在此基础上,总结出强霜冻预报的着眼点。  相似文献